inquest

Definition of inquest

Etymology

From Old French enqueste (French: enquête), from Vulgar Latin *inquirere.

Noun

inquest (plural inquests)

1. A formal investigation, often held before a jury, especially one into the cause of a death.
2. The jury hearing such an enquiry, and the result of the enquiry.

Further reading

An inquest is a judicial investigation, usually by a group of court-appointed people (jury), in common law jurisdictions. The most common kind of inquest is an inquiry including a medical examination by a coroner into the cause of a death that was sudden, violent, suspicious, or occurred in prison. Inquest can also mean such a jury and the result of such an investigation. In general usage, inquest is also used to mean any investigation or inquiry.

An inquest uses witnesses, but suspects are not permitted to defend themselves. The verdict can be, for example, natural death, accidental death, misadventure, suicide, or murder. If the verdict is murder or culpable accident, criminal prosecution may follow, and suspects are of course able to defend themselves there.

Since juries are not used in most European civil law systems, these do not have any (jury) procedure similar to an inquest, but medical evidence and professional witnesses have been used in court in continental Europe for centuries.[1][2]

Larger inquests can be held into disasters, or in some jurisdictions (not England & Wales) into cases of corruption.